Quick Answer
Choose a turkey load with the right gauge, shot size, and shot weight to match your gun and hunting style. For a 20 gauge, a 3-inch or 3.5-inch shell with 1 1/8 or 1 1/4 oz of shot is a good starting point.
Gauge and Shell Length
When selecting a 20 gauge turkey load, consider the shell length. A 3-inch shell provides less recoil than a 3.5-inch shell, but the shorter length may result in slightly reduced range and pattern density. A 3.5-inch shell offers more room for the load to expand, but may be too long for some guns. Opt for the shorter length if you’re new to turkey hunting or have a smaller gun.
Shot Size and Weight
Select a shot size that suits your hunting style and the terrain. A 1 1/8 oz load with 5 or 6 shot is good for close-range hunting in dense woods, while a 1 1/4 oz load with 4 or 5 shot is better suited for longer ranges and open fields. When choosing a shot size, consider the range you expect to shoot at, as well as the size of the birds you’re hunting.
Velocity and Pattern Density
Look for loads with velocities above 1,200 feet per second (fps) for optimal range and pattern density. A load with a velocity of 1,200-1,300 fps will provide a tight, dense pattern at 40 yards, while a load with a velocity of 1,300-1,400 fps will offer even tighter patterns and increased range. When choosing a load, prioritize velocity and pattern density over other factors like shot size and weight.
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