Quick Answer
When flash floods occur, stay safe by moving to higher ground immediately, avoiding low-lying areas and floodwaters, and staying away from bridges and culverts. If you can't evacuate, move to a sturdy, elevated shelter or a tree with a wide trunk and a high canopy. Seek the highest point in your sheltered area.
Identifying Safe Shelters
When selecting a shelter, look for structures that are elevated or built on high ground, such as hills or ridges. If you’re in a forest, choose a tree with a wide trunk (at least 10-12 inches in diameter) and a high canopy (at least 30 feet above the ground). The ideal shelter tree should have a platform or a natural shelf that’s at least 10 feet off the ground and is protected from wind and debris.
Building a Tree Platform
If you can’t find a pre-existing shelter tree, create a tree platform using a sturdy branch or a fallen log. Dig a shallow trench around the tree, then place the branch or log in the center. Fill the trench with soil and rocks to secure the platform. Use vines or branches to reinforce the platform and create a safe area.
Evacuation and Rescue Techniques
If you’re unable to reach higher ground or a shelter, use a makeshift rope (such as a long vine or a piece of clothing) to create a rescue line. Tie one end of the rope to a stable anchor point, such as a tree trunk, and throw the other end to someone who can help you evacuate. If you’re in a group, use a similar technique to create a rescue line for everyone. Stay calm and communicate with each other to ensure a safe evacuation.
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