Quick Answer
Spider bites can cause pain, swelling, and redness, but most are harmless. Some spider bites can cause allergic reactions, which can be life-threatening. If you suspect an allergic reaction, call emergency services immediately.
Identifying Spider Bites
Spider bites can be challenging to identify, but knowing the common characteristics can help. Black widow spider bites typically cause severe pain, muscle cramps, and difficulty breathing. The bite area may be red, swollen, and have two small puncture wounds. Brown recluse spider bites can cause a necrotic lesion, which is a white or pale area surrounded by a red ring. If you suspect a spider bite, wash the area with soap and water, and apply a cold compress to reduce swelling.
Treating Spider Bites
For minor spider bites, apply a topical antibiotic ointment and cover the area with a bandage. Take over-the-counter pain relievers, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, as needed. Monitor the bite for signs of infection, such as increased redness, swelling, or pus. If you experience symptoms of an allergic reaction, such as difficulty breathing, rapid heartbeat, or dizziness, call emergency services immediately. For more severe spider bites, seek medical attention, as antivenom may be necessary.
Allergic Reactions
If you experience symptoms of an allergic reaction, such as hives, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing, call emergency services or seek immediate medical attention. Administer epinephrine using an EpiPen or other auto-injector if you have one. If you do not have an EpiPen, seek medical attention immediately. Antihistamines, such as diphenhydramine, may be prescribed to treat mild allergic reactions. Severe allergic reactions require prompt medical attention and may require hospitalization.
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