Quick Answer
The weight of the bullet in a .45-70 cartridge affects its trajectory, with heavier bullets generally experiencing less drop and a flatter trajectory, making them more effective for long-range hunting like for elk.
Bullet Weight and Trajectory
The .45-70 cartridge is well-suited for elk hunting due to its flat trajectory and powerful kinetic energy. Heavier bullets, typically in the 300-500 grain range, experience less drop and maintain their velocity over longer distances. This makes them ideal for taking down larger game at longer ranges.
Effect of Bullet Weight on External Ballistics
In a .45-70 cartridge, the heavier bullet will maintain a flatter trajectory due to its lower ballistic coefficient. This means that the bullet will travel more consistently at a given elevation angle, resulting in less drop and a more predictable impact point. A 300-grain bullet at a muzzle velocity of 1,600 ft/s, for example, will drop approximately 1.5 inches at 200 yards, while a 500-grain bullet will drop about 0.5 inches under the same conditions.
Choosing the Right Bullet Weight
When selecting a bullet weight for elk hunting, consider the range at which you plan to engage your target. For closer ranges, such as 50-100 yards, a lighter bullet (300-350 grains) may be sufficient. However, for longer ranges, such as 200-300 yards, a heavier bullet (400-500 grains) will provide a flatter trajectory and better penetration, making it more effective for taking down larger game.
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