Quick Answer
Risks of not sealing a concrete cistern properly include contamination of the stored water, damage to the cistern structure, and increased risk of mosquito breeding and related diseases. Improper sealing can also lead to structural instability, cracking, and eventual collapse of the cistern. This compromises the integrity of the water storage system.
Water Contamination Risks
Not sealing a concrete cistern properly exposes the stored water to potential contaminants such as soil, groundwater, and surface runoff. This can lead to the presence of pathogens, sediment, and other pollutants in the stored water. For instance, in areas with high levels of soil contamination, a cistern with inadequate sealing can leach heavy metals and other toxins into the stored water. This is especially concerning for communities relying on rainwater harvesting or groundwater recharge systems.
Structural Integrity and Cracking
Improper sealing of a concrete cistern can lead to premature aging and cracking of the structure. Water can seep into the cistern through cracks and joints, causing further damage and erosion. This compromise can result in costly repairs or even necessitate replacement of the cistern. To prevent this, it’s essential to ensure a minimum of 2-3 inches of concrete cover over the rebar and a 1/4 inch (6 mm) thickness of waterproof coating.
Mosquito Breeding and Disease Transmission
Proper sealing of a concrete cistern also prevents mosquito breeding and related diseases such as malaria, dengue fever, and Zika virus. Inadequate sealing can create a haven for mosquitoes, which can lay eggs in stagnant water and multiply rapidly. This poses a significant risk to individuals nearby, especially in tropical or subtropical regions with high mosquito activity. Regular inspections and maintenance of the cistern’s sealing are crucial to prevent mosquito breeding and associated health risks.
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