Quick Answer
Search and Rescue (SAR) teams must follow established protocols for treating hypothermia, which include recognizing symptoms, using rewarming techniques, and monitoring for afterdrop. They must also be aware of the risks of severe cases, such as cardiac arrest. Treatment protocols vary based on the severity of the case.
Recognizing Hypothermia Symptoms
SAR teams must be able to recognize the signs and symptoms of hypothermia, which include confusion, disorientation, slurred speech, drowsiness, and in severe cases, unconsciousness. They must also recognize the classic “umbles” of hypothermia: stumbling, mumbling, and grumbling. Hypothermia can progress rapidly, so prompt recognition and treatment are crucial.
Rewarming Techniques
SAR teams should use rewarming techniques that are safe and effective. Active rewarming methods include the use of hot water bottles, heating pads, or warm blankets. Passive rewarming methods involve providing a warm environment, such as moving the victim to a warm vehicle or shelter. The American Heart Association recommends rewarming at a rate of 1.5-2°F (0.8-1.1°C) per 30 minutes to avoid afterdrop.
Severe Cases and Afterdrop
SAR teams must be prepared for severe cases of hypothermia, including cardiac arrest. In these cases, rewarming should be done in a controlled environment, such as a hospital or emergency room. Afterdrop is a critical concern, as it can occur when a victim’s body is rapidly rewarmed, leading to a drop in body temperature. To prevent afterdrop, SAR teams should rewarm victims slowly and monitor their temperature carefully.
Find more answers
Browse the full Q&A library by topic, or jump back to the topic this question belongs to.