Shelter options during a flash flood in the backcountry?

Natural High Ground Refuges

When caught in a flash flood, the most ideal shelter option is finding or creating a natural high ground refuge. Look for areas with a slope of 45 degrees or less, such as a rocky outcropping, a hill, or a ridge. Aim for an area at least 10 feet above the surrounding terrain to ensure you stay dry and safe from the rising waters. Natural refuges can also provide protection from strong winds, lightning, and falling trees. If you’re unable to find a natural high ground refuge, consider creating one by clearing a small area of debris and constructing a makeshift wall using branches and rocks.

Improvised Shelters

If you can’t find a natural high ground refuge, use a portable or improvised shelter like a tarp or a debris hut. To set up a tarp shelter, choose a location with a relatively flat surface, such as a sandbar or a rocky clearing. Use a sturdy tree or a rock as an anchor point and tie the tarp to it using rope or twine. Ensure the tarp is pitched at a 45-degree angle to allow water to run off and provide adequate drainage. A debris hut is another option, constructed using fallen branches and leaves or pine needles. Aim for a hut with a slope of 30 degrees or less to ensure water runs off and doesn’t accumulate inside.

Additional Tips

When choosing a shelter during a flash flood, prioritize areas with a clear escape route and minimal risk of being swept away by the rising waters. Avoid low-lying areas, such as rivers, streams, and valleys, as these are the most prone to flooding. Always stay alert and monitor the situation, as the floodwaters can change direction and speed quickly.