What are Regulatory Requirements for Spring Development?

Permitting Requirements

Permitting requirements for spring development vary by location, but generally involve obtaining a permit from the local health department or water quality agency. In the United States, for example, the EPA requires springs to meet the National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWRs) and the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA). This may involve testing for parameters such as pH, turbidity, bacteria, and nitrates. Depending on the spring’s water quality, additional permits may be required, such as a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit for discharges to surface water.

Well and Spring Registration

In many states, wells and springs are required to be registered with the state department of natural resources or water resources agency. This registration typically involves providing information about the well or spring, including its location, depth, and water quality. Registration may also involve paying a registration fee and submitting to regular inspections and testing. For example, in California, all wells and springs must be registered with the California Department of Public Health (CDPH) within 30 days of completion.

Best Management Practices

To ensure the long-term sustainability of a spring, best management practices (BMPs) such as well casing and well screens may be required. This typically involves installing a well casing and well screen to prevent contamination and ensure water quality. Additionally, BMPs such as setback requirements and fencing may be required to prevent surface water from entering the spring area. For example, in Oregon, setback requirements for springs and wells are typically 100 feet from any surface water or watercourse.