Quick Answer
Early signs of hypothermia in others may include confusion, dizziness, and difficulty speaking. Shivering, slurred speech, and slow movements may also be present. If left untreated, hypothermia can progress to more severe symptoms, such as loss of consciousness and even death.
Identifying Early Symptoms
When recognizing early signs of hypothermia, it’s essential to look for changes in behavior and physical condition. A person with hypothermia may appear disoriented, have difficulty concentrating, or seem lethargic. They may also exhibit slower speech, slurred words, or have difficulty walking. Shivering is a common initial symptom, but if it becomes severe or ceases, it may be a sign of advancing hypothermia. Monitor body temperature closely and intervene if it drops below 95°F (35°C).
Assessing the Severity of Hypothermia
To assess the severity of hypothermia, use the Mnemonic “FROST”:
- F: Facial muscle weakness
- R: Rapid or irregular breathing
- O: Ongoing shivering or cessation of shivering
- S: Slurred speech or loss of coordination
- T: Temperature below 95°F (35°C)
- Hypothermia can be classified into three stages based on body temperature: mild (90-94°F or 32-34.4°C), moderate (80-89°F or 26.7-31.7°C), and severe (below 80°F or 26.7°C).
Treatment and First Aid
When treating hypothermia, prioritize removing the person from the cold environment and providing warm clothing. Use a blanket or emergency bivvy sack to keep them warm. If the person’s body temperature is below 95°F (35°C), use the “rewarming sequence”:
- Remove wet clothing and replace it with warm, dry clothing
- Provide warm liquids, such as tea or hot chocolate
- Use a warm compress or heating pad on the person’s torso, avoiding sensitive areas. Monitor body temperature closely and reposition the compress every 20-30 minutes to prevent burns.
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