Quick Answer
Snow Blindness Symptoms and Early Signs: symptoms include eye pain, sensitivity to light, blurred vision, and a feeling of grit or sand in the eyes, all of which can appear within 30 minutes to an hour of prolonged exposure to snow glare.
Causes and Risk Factors
Snow blindness, also known as photokeratitis, occurs when the eyes are exposed to intense, reflected UV radiation from snow and ice. This is typically due to prolonged exposure to snow glare, usually during periods of high sun intensity or low cloud cover. Factors that increase the risk of snow blindness include traveling at high altitudes, skiing or snowmobiling at high speeds, and spending extended periods outdoors during peak sun hours (usually between 10am and 4pm).
Prevention Techniques
Prevention is key to avoiding snow blindness. One effective technique is to wear UV-blocking sunglasses that provide 100% protection against UVA and UVB rays, preferably with a wraparound frame to prevent glare from entering the sides of the eyes. Another technique is to wear a face shield or goggles that also provide protection against wind and snow, which can help reduce the risk of UV exposure. Additionally, taking regular breaks to rest and shield the eyes from direct sunlight can also help prevent snow blindness.
Treatment and Relief
If snow blindness does occur, treatment is relatively straightforward. The first step is to move to a shaded area and avoid any further exposure to UV radiation. Applying ice packs or a cold, wet washcloth to the affected eyes can help reduce pain and inflammation. In severe cases, over-the-counter pain medications and eye drops may be necessary to alleviate symptoms. It’s also essential to see a doctor if symptoms persist or worsen over time.
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