Quick Answer
When choosing a compass, look for a base plate with degree markings and a rotating bezel that aligns with the direction-of-travel arrow. A declination adjustment feature is essential for accurate navigation, especially during long trips or when traveling to areas with significant magnetic declination.
Essential Features for Navigation
When selecting a compass, consider the following essential features: a base plate with degree markings and a rotating bezel that aligns with the direction-of-travel arrow. This allows you to set a bearing and follow it, even in complex terrain. The base plate should also be marked with a ruler or scale to measure distances.
Declination Adjustment
A declination adjustment feature is crucial for accurate navigation, especially when traveling to areas with significant magnetic declination. Check the compass’s declination adjustment by looking for a small screw or lever that allows you to adjust the magnetic needle’s position. This may be necessary to account for the difference between magnetic north and true north. For example, if you’re traveling in an area with a 10-degree magnetic declination, you’ll need to adjust your compass accordingly. Typically, a declination adjustment range of ±20-30 degrees is sufficient for most navigation needs.
Additional Features to Consider
In addition to the essential features mentioned earlier, consider a compass with a magnifying lens, which can be useful for reading maps in low-light conditions. A compass with a lanyard or clip can also be convenient for attaching to a backpack or clothing. Some compasses may also feature a clinometer, which measures the angle of elevation or depression, or a mirror for signaling for help. When choosing a compass, consider the specific features that matter most for your navigation needs.
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