Quick Answer
A venomous snake encounter can be identified by the presence of a triangular head, vertical pupils, and a narrow, pointed snout. A distinctive pattern of markings or coloration is also often present. Be cautious of snakes that are aggressive or defensive.
Identifying Venomous Snake Characteristics
When attempting to identify a venomous snake, pay close attention to its head shape and size. Venomous snakes typically have a narrower, more pointed snout than non-venomous snakes, and a distinctive triangular shape to their head. Measure the width of the head at the widest point, usually just behind the eyes; venomous snakes typically have a head width of less than 1.5 inches (3.8 cm) in diameter.
Body Patterns and Coloration
Venomous snakes often display distinctive patterns of coloration or markings on their bodies. For example, the Western Coral Snake (Micrurus tener) has a pattern of red, yellow, and black bands, while the Eastern Coral Snake (Micrurus fulvius) has a similar pattern but with a different coloring. Be aware of local snake species and their typical patterns to increase your chances of accurate identification.
Behavioral Clues
When interacting with a snake, observe its behavior closely. Venomous snakes are often more defensive and aggressive than non-venomous snakes, particularly when threatened or cornered. If a snake raises its body off the ground, flattens its neck, or hisses and spits, it is likely to be venomous. Approach the snake calmly and slowly, but do not attempt to touch or handle it.
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