Quick Answer
Recognize a heat-related emergency when someone experiences symptoms such as heavy sweating, nausea or vomiting, dizziness or fainting, or a body temperature of 103°F (39.4°C) or higher. Move the person to a cooler location and loosen or remove their clothing. Seek medical help immediately.
Recognizing Heat-Related Emergencies
Heat-related emergencies can be classified into three main categories: heat rash, heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and heat stroke. The most severe is heat stroke, which requires immediate medical attention. Watch for symptoms such as a body temperature of 103°F (39.4°C) or higher, confusion, slurred speech, seizures, and loss of consciousness.
Treating Heat-Related Emergencies
To treat heat-related emergencies, move the person to a cooler location, such as a shaded area or an air-conditioned room. Remove excess clothing, especially if it’s heavy or dark-colored, which can trap heat. Use cool water to lower the body temperature. For heat exhaustion, have the person drink cool water, but avoid forcing them to drink if they’re vomiting. For heat stroke, call 911 or your local emergency number and start cooling the person with cool water, but never use ice or ice water, as this can cause the body temperature to drop too quickly.
Cooling Techniques
To cool the body quickly and safely, use the following techniques: spray the person with cool water, wrap them in a cool, wet towel or cloth, or use a cool compress. Never leave the person unattended while they’re being cooled. Monitor their temperature and breathing rate closely, and seek medical help if their symptoms worsen or don’t improve. If you’re unable to lower the person’s temperature, call 911 or your local emergency number for assistance.
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