Is Restored Grassland Habitat More Resilient To Drought?

Native Grass Species and Deep Root Systems

Restoration of native grass species, such as big bluestem, indiangrass, and switchgrass, is key to creating a drought-resilient grassland habitat. These warm-season grasses have deep root systems that can access water deeper in the soil profile, allowing them to survive during extended dry periods. For example, big bluestem roots can reach depths of up to 6 feet, allowing the plant to access water that other plants may not be able to access.

Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) Benefits

The Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) has been instrumental in restoring grasslands in the United States. By enrolling acres into CRP, landowners can receive financial incentives to convert marginal cropland into perennial grasses and forbs. This program has resulted in the restoration of millions of acres of native grasslands, providing essential habitat for upland birds and other wildlife. For example, a 10-year CRP contract can provide up to $300 per acre in annual payments, making it a valuable option for landowners looking to restore their land.

Creating Nesting Cover and Drought-Resilient Habitat

To create a drought-resilient habitat that also provides nesting cover for upland birds, landowners can implement management techniques such as prescribed burning and mowing. Prescribed burning can help to promote the growth of native grasses and forbs, while also reducing the risk of wildfires. Mowing can help to create a mosaic of different heights and densities, providing a diverse range of nesting and foraging opportunities for upland birds. For example, mowing at a height of 12-18 inches can help to create a suitable nesting habitat for species such as the northern bobwhite.