Why does my shallow well pump keep losing prime?

Causes of Prime Loss

A shallow well pump losing prime is usually a sign of a larger issue. Low water levels or a well that is not adequately replenished can cause the pump to lose suction, leading to loss of prime. This is because the pump relies on a certain water level to operate efficiently. Typically, a well should have at least 5-10 feet of water above the pump to ensure proper functioning. If the water level drops below this threshold, the pump may struggle to create suction, resulting in loss of prime.

Troubleshooting Techniques

To diagnose the issue, check the well’s water level and ensure it is adequate for the pump’s operation. Next, inspect the check valve for any signs of wear or damage. The check valve is responsible for preventing backflow and ensuring the pump maintains prime. If the valve is faulty, replace it with a new one. Additionally, check the pump’s suction line for any kinks or blockages that may be restricting airflow. Use a pressure gauge to measure the pressure in the system and look for any abnormal readings that may indicate air in the line.

Preventative Maintenance

To prevent future prime losses, ensure the well is regularly replenished to maintain a sufficient water level. Regularly inspect the check valve and suction line for any signs of damage or wear. Consider installing a submersible pump with a built-in check valve to reduce the risk of prime loss. Finally, consider using a pump with a higher suction lift rating to ensure it can handle the specific demands of the well.