Quick Answer
Disinfectants that work best against specific viruses include bleach solutions effective against influenza, norovirus, and HIV, while quaternary ammonium compounds (quats) are effective against SARS-CoV-2 and rotavirus. Hydrogen peroxide is also effective against a wide range of viruses, including HIV and influenza. In general, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) registers disinfectants for their ability to kill specific viruses and bacteria.
Choosing the Right Disinfectant
When selecting a disinfectant, consider the specific virus or bacteria you need to kill, as well as any allergies or sensitivities you or your household members may have. Always read and follow the label instructions, and take necessary precautions to avoid exposure. For example, wearing gloves and a mask can help prevent the spread of infection.
Common Disinfectants and Their Efficacy
- Bleach solutions (1 part bleach to 10 parts water) are effective against influenza (99.9% kill rate after 2 minutes) and norovirus (99.9% kill rate after 1 minute).
- Quaternary ammonium compounds (quats) are effective against SARS-CoV-2 (99.9% kill rate after 1 minute) and rotavirus (99.9% kill rate after 1 minute).
- Hydrogen peroxide (3% solution) is effective against HIV (99.9% kill rate after 1 minute) and influenza (99.9% kill rate after 1 minute).
Precautions and Preparations
When using disinfectants, remember to always dilute them according to the manufacturer’s instructions, and to test a small area before applying them to a larger surface. If you are using a bleach solution, make sure to rinse the surface with clean water after application to prevent the formation of toxic byproducts.
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