Can Using Steel Shot Impact the Environment More Than Lead?

Steel Shot’s Larger Size and Weight

Steel shot loads typically consist of larger, heavier pellets than lead loads, with some loads consisting of 3-5mm pellets. These larger pellets can cause more damage to vegetation and soil when they penetrate the ground, leading to increased erosion and soil disturbance. This can result in the release of soil-bound pollutants and increased runoff into nearby waterways.

Environmental Impact of Steel Shot

Studies have shown that steel shot loads can have a higher environmental impact than lead loads in certain situations, particularly when shotguns are fired at close range over water or in wetlands. In these environments, the larger steel pellets can penetrate deeper into the water and surrounding soil, causing more extensive damage and potentially leading to increased levels of toxic heavy metals in the water column. In fact, research has shown that steel shot can remain in the environment for up to 20 years, during which time it can continue to cause environmental harm.

Best Management Practices for Reducing Environmental Impact

To mitigate the environmental impact of steel shot loads, hunters and shooters should follow best management practices when engaging in shooting sports. This includes firing shotguns at longer ranges, using lead-free loads in sensitive environments, and properly disposing of spent shotshells. Additionally, shooters can use techniques such as “wet shooting,” where the shotgun is fired while standing in the water, to reduce the amount of shot that penetrates the surrounding environment.