Quick Answer
Tundra Swans are generally not territorial when nesting, but they do establish a breeding territory with a nesting site for a short period, usually around 1-2 weeks, before the female lays her eggs.
Breeding Territories and Nesting Sites
Tundra Swans typically form breeding colonies in large numbers, with some colonies consisting of thousands of individuals. Within these colonies, pairs establish a breeding territory, which is usually around 1-2 square meters in size. The territory may include a nesting site, such as a depression in the ground or a raised area of vegetation, which is often lined with plant material and down feathers.
Nesting and Incubation
After the female lays her eggs, usually 2-4 eggs, the pair will take turns incubating the eggs for about 28-30 days. During this time, the male will often leave the female and the nesting site, returning only to relieve the female of incubation duties. The female will usually nest on the ground, but may use a raised platform or a nest box if available.
Parental Care and Fledging
Once the eggs hatch, the female will care for the young, which will leave the nest after about 50-60 days. The young swans will be able to fly and become independent after about 70-80 days. During this time, the parents will continue to provide food and protection to the young, teaching them important survival skills and behaviors necessary for their own breeding success.
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