What are most common mistakes in evacuation planning?

Inadequate Reconnaissance

Evacuation routes should be thoroughly mapped and tested before an emergency. This includes identifying potential chokepoints, such as narrow roads or bridges, and finding alternative routes. A thorough reconnaissance of the route should also include identifying safe zones and evacuation assembly points. For example, the U.S. Army recommends that evacuation routes be tested at least once a year.

Insufficient Supplies and Equipment

Evacuation planning often focuses on the route itself, but it’s equally important to ensure that evacuees have the necessary supplies and equipment. This includes food, water, first aid kits, and communication devices. A commonly recommended standard is to have a minimum of 72 hours’ worth of supplies, as well as a plan for resupply or shelter if the evacuation takes longer. The Federal Emergency Management Agency recommends that evacuees have at least one gallon of water per person per day.

Failure to Identify Multiple Exit Points

Many evacuation plans rely on a single exit point, which can be a recipe for disaster if the primary route is blocked. Identifying multiple exit points can help ensure that evacuees can still reach safety even if the primary route is impassable. For example, a home evacuation plan might include identifying both a front door and a back door as exit points, as well as a nearby safe room or shelter. The American Red Cross recommends that families have a plan in place for at least two different exit routes from their home.