Quick Answer
Common interferences that affect VHF/UHF communications include lightning strikes, radio-frequency interference (RFI) from nearby electronics, and solar activity.
Interference Sources
Electrical storms can cause significant disruptions to VHF/UHF communications. Lightning strikes can induce electromagnetic pulses (EMPs) that can travel long distances and damage equipment. To minimize the effects of lightning strikes, it’s essential to use surge protectors and ground your antennas to prevent EMP damage.
Radio-Frequency Interference (RFI)
RFI from nearby electronics is a common source of interference for VHF/UHF communications. To mitigate RFI, use shielding on cables, keep electronics away from antennas, and use filters to block unwanted signals. For example, using a 30 MHz to 300 MHz LNA (low noise amplifier) can help block RFI from nearby electronics.
Solar Activity
Solar activity, including sunspots and solar flares, can cause radio blackouts and disruptions to VHF/UHF communications. During periods of high solar activity, use a coronal mass ejection (CME) monitor to track solar activity and make adjustments to your communication system as needed. Additionally, consider using a Faraday cage or other shielding to protect your equipment from solar-induced EMPs.
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