Is a 12 gauge shotgun better than a 20 gauge for turkey hunting?

Shotgun Selection

When it comes to turkey hunting, a 12 gauge shotgun is the most popular choice. Its increased power and range make it ideal for taking down larger birds, particularly at longer distances. A 12 gauge shotgun can deliver a payload of up to 1 1/8 ounces of lead, which is more than enough to take down a turkey. In contrast, a 20 gauge shotgun typically delivers a payload of around 7/8 ounces of lead. This makes the 12 gauge a better choice for hunting larger birds or for hunters who prefer a more forgiving shotgun.

Choke Configuration

Regardless of the shotgun chosen, choke configuration is critical for effective turkey hunting. A tight pattern is essential for taking down birds at longer distances, as it reduces the chances of a clean miss. For turkey hunting, a modified or improved modified choke is often preferred, as it produces a tight pattern with a minimal loss of shot velocity. This type of choke is particularly effective for shooting at distances of 20-30 yards, which is a common range for turkey hunting. When using a 12 gauge shotgun with a modified or improved modified choke, hunters can expect a spread of around 20-24 inches at 30 yards, which is more than enough to take down a turkey.

Additional Considerations

When choosing between a 12 gauge and 20 gauge shotgun for turkey hunting, hunters should also consider their individual shooting style and preferences. Younger hunters or those with less experience may prefer a 20 gauge shotgun due to its lighter recoil and easier handling. However, even for younger hunters, a 12 gauge shotgun can be an effective choice if properly fitted and loaded with the right ammunition. Ultimately, the key to successful turkey hunting is not just the shotgun itself, but also the hunter’s skills and experience.