Quick Answer
For homemade hay production, the best grass varieties include Orchard Grass, Timothy Grass, and Alfalfa, as they offer a high yield, are relatively easy to harvest and dry, and provide a nutritious feed for livestock.
Choosing the Right Grass Variety
When selecting grass varieties for hay production, consider factors such as yield, moisture content, and nutrient density. Orchard Grass and Timothy Grass are popular choices for small-scale hay production due to their high yield and ease of harvesting. They require moderate to high maintenance, but can produce 2-3 tons of hay per acre per year. Alfalfa, on the other hand, is a legume that fixes nitrogen in the soil, making it an excellent choice for improving soil fertility.
Cutting and Baling Techniques
To maximize hay quality and yield, it’s essential to cut and bale the grass at the right time. Cut the grass when it reaches 6-8 inches in height, usually in late spring or early summer. Use a mower or a sickle bar to cut the grass, and then collect it using a baler or a tedder. To ensure proper drying, turn the hay every few days to promote even airflow and reduce mold growth. Aim for a moisture content of 20% or lower to prevent spoilage and ensure a longer shelf life.
Equipment and Storage Considerations
For small-scale hay production, consider investing in a compact baler or a tedder to simplify the harvesting process. A 4-6 foot baler is a good starting point, and can handle small to medium-sized fields. Store the hay in a dry, well-ventilated area, such as a hay shed or a barn. Cover the hay with a tarp or a plastic sheet to protect it from the elements and reduce moisture content. Aim to store the hay for 6-12 months, depending on the variety and quality of the hay.
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