Quick Answer
A 405-grain .45-70 load may be considered overkill for elk, as it's likely to result in an over-penetrating shot causing more damage than necessary.
Understanding Elk Shot Placement
When hunting elk, it’s crucial to aim for vitals, specifically the heart and lungs, to ensure a quick and humane kill. Aiming too high, such as at the shoulder or neck, can result in a slower death and unnecessary suffering. For a .45-70, a 405-grain bullet may over-penetrate and cause excessive damage to the surrounding tissue and potentially hit vital organs in the ribcage or abdomen.
Bullet Selection and Kinetics
The .45-70 is a powerful cartridge capable of delivering significant kinetic energy, making it suitable for larger game like elk. However, a 405-grain bullet at velocities above 1,800 FPS can be excessive, potentially causing more damage than necessary. A bullet with a smaller diameter and more controlled expansion may be a better choice for elk hunting. For example, a 300-grain bullet at 2,000 FPS might be a more suitable option, offering the necessary kinetic energy for a clean kill while minimizing over-penetration.
Shot Placement and Follow-Through
Regardless of the cartridge and bullet selection, it’s essential to focus on proper shot placement and follow-through. Aim for the elk’s vitals, and ensure a clean, controlled shot. This requires practice and experience with the firearm and ammunition. If you’re new to .45-70 hunting, consider practicing with less powerful loads to develop your marksmanship skills and build confidence in your abilities.
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