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SHORTEST ANSWER: For above-ground tornado shelters, consider pre-fabricated steel units, interior rooms in buildings with reinforced foundations, or storm cellars. These options provide protection from high winds and flying debris. They are not as effective as underground shelters but offer a safer alternative.
Above-Ground Shelters Options
Pre-fabricated steel units are a viable above-ground tornado shelter option. They are typically buried 6-8 inches underground, with a reinforced steel door and a secure locking mechanism. These units are available in various sizes, but a 7-foot diameter with 7-foot interior height is a good starting point. They can be customized to fit individual needs and are often more affordable than storm cellars.
Interior Rooms in Buildings
Interior rooms in buildings with reinforced foundations can also serve as above-ground tornado shelters. Look for rooms with no windows, such as a bathroom or closet, and make sure the room is located on the lowest floor of the building. The room should be at least 6 feet wide and 8 feet long, and the door should be reinforced with metal or solid wood. The room should also be free from any hazards, such as heavy furniture or appliances.
Mobile Home and Outdoor Safety
For those living in mobile homes, the best option is to leave the home and seek shelter in a nearby building with a reinforced foundation. Mobile homes are not safe during tornadoes due to their design and attachment to the ground. When outside, seek shelter in a low-lying area, such as a ditch or depression, and cover your head and neck with your arms. Avoid seeking shelter in vehicles or under bridges, as these can be swept away or collapse. After the storm has passed, be cautious of potential hazards such as fallen power lines, sharp debris, and contaminated water.
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