Quick Answer
Heat exhaustion causes dizziness, nausea, cool/clammy skin, and weakness. Immediately move to shade and lie down. Drink water or electrolyte solution slowly. Cool body with wet cloths or water. Heat stroke—with hot, dry skin and mental confusion—requires immediate evacuation. Heat exhaustion without prompt treatment progresses to life-threatening heat stroke.
Heat Exhaustion Recognition
Early symptoms include excessive thirst, fatigue, and dizziness. Skin becomes cool and clammy despite high temperatures. Nausea and weakness progress as condition worsens. Affected individuals might feel confused or disoriented. Prompt recognition and treatment prevent progression to heat stroke.
Immediate Treatment
Move to shade immediately—direct sun exposure worsens condition. Lie down with legs elevated. Drink water or electrolyte solution slowly—rapid drinking causes nausea. Cool body with wet cloths applied to arms, legs, and neck. Continue rest until symptoms resolve completely.
Heat Stroke Differentiation
Heat stroke presents with hot, dry skin despite body overheating. Mental status changes markedly—confusion, aggression, or unconsciousness. Body temperature exceeds 103°F. Heat stroke represents medical emergency requiring immediate evacuation. Do not wait—begin evacuation immediately upon recognition.
Prevention in Hot Weather
Drink water consistently—thirst indicates already dehydrated state. Avoid strenuous activity during peak heat (noon-3 PM). Wear light-colored, loose clothing reflecting heat. Hat and sunglasses protect head. Rest in shade during hot periods. Acclimatization improves heat tolerance over several days.
Ongoing Care
Full recovery from heat exhaustion requires 24+ hours rest. Resume activity gradually—aggressive resumption causes recurrence. Monitor for continued symptoms. Electrolyte replacement aids recovery. Prevention through hydration and activity modification prevents recurrence.
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