Quick Answer
In some jurisdictions, using human waste as fertilizer is allowed, but regulations vary widely depending on location and specific circumstances, requiring gardeners to check local laws and guidelines before proceeding.
Composting Humanure
Using a humanure sawdust toilet, the solid waste is collected and mixed with sawdust to create a dry composting material that can be used as fertilizer. The sawdust helps to absorb moisture, reduce odors, and kill pathogens. This method is often used in small-scale, off-grid applications where access to conventional sewage systems is limited.
Regulations and Guidelines
In the United States, for example, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) does not regulate the use of human waste as fertilizer, but individual states may have their own laws and regulations. In Washington state, for instance, the Department of Ecology requires that humanure be composted for at least 12 months at 130°F (54°C) to kill pathogens and weed seeds. Gardeners must also follow proper handling and application procedures to minimize the risk of contamination.
Best Practices for Safe Use
To ensure safe use of humanure fertilizer, gardeners should follow best practices such as: composting the humanure for an extended period to kill pathogens; mixing it with other organic materials to create a balanced nutrient profile; applying it in small amounts to minimize the risk of contamination; and avoiding use in areas where children, pets, or food crops may come into contact with the fertilizer.
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